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1. Python
Python language was developed by Guido van Rossum in 1991. It is mostly used for web development , AI , machine learning and also Scientific and numeric applications.
Pros:
- Object- Oriented programming language
- Large support Libraries, a lot of useful framework
- Multiple System and platforms support
- Very Easy to learn
- Fewer codes compare to other language
Cons:
- Slow speed
- Does not perform well on mobile platforms
2. Java
Java Language was developed by James Gosling in 1996 at Sun Microsystems. It is mostly used for Android apps,Web applications, Web API, client applications.
Pros:
- Object- Oriented programming language
- Platform-Independent: Java code runs on any machine that run on JVM
- Secure
- Multitreaded
- Memory allocation
- Large number of open source libraries
Cons:
- Slower compare to C and C++
- Memory management
3. JavaScript
Javascript was created by Brendan Eich in September 1995. Which was named LiveScript. It is used for web/mobile applications, desktop app and also game development.
Pros:
- JavaScript is very fast, it can be run immediately within client’s browser
- Simple to learn, the syntax is similar to Java’s
- Rich interface
- Big resources and communities to learn JavaScript
Cons:
- Low security
- Reliance on User browser. JavaScript is interpreted differently by different browsers
4. C#
C# was developed by Microsoft in 2001 it is a computer programming language used for Window Application Development,Cross platform App development, Web Application, Game Development.
- C# syntax is similar to C but is more faster and more secure than C
- Easy to learn for who know C language
- Large libraries
- Variety of data types
5. C++
C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrip in 1983, It is used for Advance computations, Mathematical simulations, Game development, Graphics Compilers.
Pros:
- Large libraries and many compiler
- Faster than Python and some other languages
Cons:
- The syntax is complex compared to Python
- Difficult to learn for beginners
- Does not support Dynamic Memory Allocation
6. Go
Go was developed by Robert Griesemer, Ken Thompson and Rob Pike at Google which is also known as golang. It is used for GUI application, web applications etc.
Pros:
- Fast because it is compiled to machine code
- Easy to learn, Syntax is simple
Cons:
- Poor Libraries support
7. R
R was developed by Robert Gentleman and Ross Ihaka at the University of Auckland starting from 1992 release in 1995 but a stable beta version was released in 2000.
Mostly used for Data Science, Statistical computing and Machine learning.
Pros:
- Open source software
- Good for Both Linux and Windows
- Cross platform
- Statistical language
Cons:
- Difficult to learn
- Does not have the best memory management.
8. Swift
Swift was developed by Apple in July 2010. It is specially developed for IOS and macOS development.
Pros:
- Codes are near to natural English, easy to read, learn
- Less code
- Open source
- Safe
- Fast
- Automatic memory management
Cons:
- Support only IOS 7 and up
- Swift programming is still new it can be unstable sometime
- The language is still Limited
9. PHP
PHP was developed by Rammus Lerdorf in 1993. It used for Web application development, eCommerce application , etc.
Pros:
- Functional and Object Oriented Programming
- Large Open Source Software community
- Good system of automation tools for testing and deploying
Cons:
- Lack of debugging tools
- Not secure
- Slower
